File consists of records pertaining to the Student Ambassadors Program and includes a PowerPoint Presentation as well as an information binder.
Item is a photograph of the apple orchard on campus.
Item is a photograph of the creek running through the school's campus looking towards the lake.
Item is a mounted photograph of the campus grounds and fields during the 1910s.
Item is a photograph of the Cadet Corps standing in front of School House (now Colley).
Sub-file consists of Powell's House residence newsletter, The Den.
Item consists of the 2002-2003 Argus yearbook.
File consists of records pertaining to the New Parent Committee at Appleby College and includes the following sub-files: Minutes and Committee Handbook.
Sub-file consists of the program for the first annual Baillie House Spring Fashion Show. It was in support of the Canadian Cancer Society.
File consists of records pertaining to the Influenza (flu) outbreak at Appleby College in February 2001 and includes newspaper articles as well as correspondence.
File consists of records pertaining to the IBM Thinkpad Fly-in Conference at Appleby College and includes the agenda, details about the conference, correspondence and participant registration list.
Item consists of the Summer 2001 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on Appleby's first Spring Forward event, part of the Community Service programme for landscaping and beautification projects, the Appleby dragon boat team, the first Appleby Art Show, a decade of coeducation at Appleby, the first annual Headmaster's Garden party, the first fine wine auction, the first annual Appleby Athletic Banquet, the Northward Bound Programme at the Northern Campus, and the retirement of Faculty member Michael DesRoches '62.
File consists of The Weekly Schedule newsletter and outlines what events are occurring on and off campus for the week. It also includes some announcements.
Item consists of the 2001-2002 Argus yearbook.
Sub-file consists of the minutes for the New Parent Committee and includes information on events hosted by parents, fundraising as well as other school and academic events throughout the year.
Item consists of a photograph of faculty member and alumni Dave Suchanek holding a small statue.
Sub-file consists of two copies of the Baillie House Charity Cookbook.
Sub-file consists of the Baillie House newsletter, The Baillie Bulletin.
File consists of records pertaining to Baillie House residence and includes newsletters, a cookbook and the Spring Fashion Show.
Sub-file consists of guestbooks from two different alumni art exhibitions at Appleby College. The first one is from May 4, 2001 and the second one is the Centennial Alumni Art Exhibition held on Sept. 25, 2011.
Sub-file also includes the exhibition catalogue for the Centennial Alumni exhibit in Sept. 2011.
Item consists of the Winter 2001 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on the introduction of the Blackboard courseware management system, history of the Powell's house jacket (blazer), the Appleby College International Programme, the death of David Paul, 90 years of Appleby history, a look at residence life and boarding at Appleby College, history of the school uniform and blazers, and the gala auction.
Sub-file consists of a poster board for the Appleby school play of The Love of Oz performed by the Upper School. The board has a signature from everyone in the production as well as the program.
Item consists of a photograph of Peter Willis, Chairman, Aubrey Baillie, and Alex Cooper.
File consists of a proposal from the Performing and Visual Arts Department for new classroom space. The proposal was submitted to the Classroom Building Focus Committee and discusses the need for the following spaces: multi-purpose studio, printmaking studio, sculpture/pottery studio, computer graphic/art history studio, darkroom, galley/presentation space, storage room, office space, new music rehearsal rooms, recording studio, drama studio and dance studio.
Sub-file consists of the handbook for the New Parent Committee and includes the contact list of committee members, planning calendar, Appleby information, sample letters, orientation, statistics, and mailings.
File consists of the Parent ED 101 newsletter which provides parents with information on various events and activities at Appleby College.
File consists of records pertaining to the Spring Forward Community Clean-up event which started in April 2001. It includes posters, correspondence, task list, press release and newspaper clippings.
File consists of the Appleby College publication Appleby College News and The Inukshuk. The publication was originally known as The Whippet and changed its name to Appleby College News in Sept. 2000. The publication changed its name again to The Inukshuk in October 2002 for issue number 77. The publication reports on events and stories happening around campus, including graduating class news.
In 1997, the Senior Two Art Show was incorporated into the final exam. Students were evaluated on the following criteria: the exhibition theme, design and promotion of the event, recreate the studio space into a gallery, hang the work, produce a catalogue, and provide food and music for the opening reception to simulate a real art gallery.
Sub-file consists of records, art catalogues, artist profiles, and photographs pertaining to the Senior Two Art Exhibition.
Item consists of the May 2000 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about Round Square conference; swim team updates; Baillie House Fundraising Week; Camp VISTA updates; Middle School trip to Quebec; Appleby signs agreement with Spain for job placement for faculty and staff as well as student exchanges; and staff and faculty news.
File consists of records pertaining to the Centennial Campaign and includes the communication strategy, timeline, campaign handbooks and planning documents.
File includes the draft Appleby College Centennial Fundraising Plan report from July 1, 2011 - June 30, 2012.
Item consists of the June 2000 issue of The Whippet newsletter. This was the last issue before the name changed to Appleby News. Articles include school musical production of Fame; softball team champions; female self-defense classes; Millennium Day at Appleby; girls softball Captain's helmet; students participate in Read In! program; Cadets find lost child and receive commendation; Japanese Festival and Summer Sports programme updates.
Item consists of the July 2000 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes an article about the fundraising auction and gala.
Item consists of the 2000-2001 Argus yearbook.
File consists of records pertaining to the STEP (Science & Technology Exploring the Possibilities) conference in 2000 and includes a brochure about the event as well as information about the conference and Appleby staff involved in planning it.
Item consists of the March 2000 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about school play West Side Story; Lights..Camera..Auction gala auction update; Walkathon updates; Sports Camp update; athletics updates; Round Square Conference: The Power of One to take place at Appleby; Chinese New Year celebrations; STEP conference updates; Annual Fund updates; poetry winners; and Kerr St. Mission and Appleby College creates 'The College' a community hub to learn computer skills.
Item consists of the April 2000 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the student trip to England as well as Italy; GIS contest; chapel choir performances; create writing winners; staff updates; student musical Fame; Summer Sports Programme updates; Walkathon updates; and Annual Fund updates.
Item consists of a rainbow pin for LGBTQ support. "I'm cool with the colors!"
Sub-file consists of the costume book with photographs for the Appleby College production of West Side Story. Sub-file also contains a poster board with the signature of everyone involved in the production. The program is also included on the board.
Item consists of the April 2000 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on the official opening of Willis Hall, Appleby's first purpose built performance space, Appleby purchases the Cedar Croft cabin lands to add 2.4 hectare (six acres) of land to the College campus. It also includes an article about Appleby College hosting the Round Square conference, as well as changes to the academic structure including Campbell MacKay being appointed the schools first 'Associate Headmaster' and the creation of three 'schools' on campus: a Middle School, an Upper School and a Senior school. The terms 'Junior Year' and 'Senior Year' have been changed to 'Senior One' and 'Senior Two'.
Item consists of the Winter 2000 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on Homecoming, Appleby hosting Round Square conference, alumni working in the film and tv industry including K.C. Bascombe '85, Dylan Neal '86, John Harrison '64, the stained glass windows 'The Alpha' and 'The Omega' donated by the DesRoches and Dewar families.
File consists of calendars and lesson planning documents, including sermons for religious education and chapel services at Appleby College for 2001 - 2003. It also includes service bulletins for some special services such as Thanksgiving, Walker House Chapel Service, Friendship service, Round Square, Christmas Eve, Baillie House Chapel Service, Faith U1 Chapel Service, 50th Anniversary of the Accession to the Throne of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Prefect Chapel Service, Harmony: Bailie & Colley Chapel Service.
Sub-file consists of records pertaining to the Round Square conference 'The Power of One' hosted by Appleby College Sept. 29 - Oct. 5, 2000. It includes the programme and brochures, Transition Manual, Conference Committee planning binder, Meal and Decor Committee minutes and correspondence, Billeting Committee minutes, Conference information package, planning and correspondence information, congratulatory notes, dinner menu, and press clippings about the conference and the visit of Prince Andew, the Duke of York to the school as part of the conference.
Sub-series also includes a cd/dvd of video, photos and music from the conference.
Sub-file also includes a large tile art project (112 x 124 cm) from the conference.
Sub-file also includes a canvas/cloth laundry or duffle bag with The Power of One logo on the front, along with Appleby College and also lists other sponsors of the event.
File consists of the student publication "Literary [r]evolution" a literary magazine of stories and poems. It also contains some sketches and artwork by students.
Item consists of the April 1999 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles about the e.school programme,
File consists of the Appleby Today newsletter and includes articles about the retirement of Fran and Sue Richardson.
File consists of records pertaining to the Orientation package for new students and their parents to Appleby College and includes a schedule of events, a sample schedule, directions to schools, an FAQ guide and a memo.
Item consists of the 1999-2000 Argus yearbook.
Item consists of the March 1999 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about school musical My Fair Lady; first annual STEP (science and technology Exploring the Possibilities) conference ; diversity and gender equity training or SEED at Appleby; New Zealand Rugby tour; Annual Fund updates; Walkathon updates; Northern Campus updates; and Round Square project trip to Kenya.
Item consists of the September 1999 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the purchase of the Cedar Croft Cabins and Cedar Croft Motor Court properties or six acres of land near East Field; academic structure at Appleby is modified with the creation of three 'schools': Middle School, Upper School and Senior School; United Way Week updates; prefects for 1999-2000 school year; and staff and faculty updates.
Item consists of the November 1999 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about United Way fundraising; student trip to Manitoulin Island and Sudbury; guest artist visits Appleby; Round Square trip to Germany; student exchange trip to Spain; Annual Fund updates and student commemoration of Montreal Massacre.
File consists of records pertaining to Appleby College 50-Year Club and includes invitations and the programme for the 60th anniversary of the Coronation Choir, as well as correspondence from alumni about the Club.
File also includes scans of boards created by alumni Richard MacFarlane '73 which were used during the Fall 2023 50th Anniversary reunion dinner. The boards show what Appleby life was like during Richard's time at Appleby as well as some boards dedicated to his career.
File consists of curriculum material including course notes and outlines for classes in the Performing Arts Department and specifically for Music classes.
Item consists of the July 1999 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on the retirement of Faculty members Fran Richardson and David Paul, as well as a celebration of 25 years service for Faculty David Boyd. It also includes an article about the end of an era at Appleby - the class of 1999 contained the last of the Grade Four, Grade Five, and Grade Six students who attended Appleby.
Item consists of the May 1999 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the trip to Costa Rica; Annual Fund updates; girls soccer trip to Nassau, Bahamas; New Zealand rugby tour; scholarship and bursaries awarded; poetry coffee house; Community Service Program updates; Walkathon and summer canoe camp updates.
Item consists of the October 1999 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about Closing Day and award ceremonies; staff and faculty updates; Homecoming; prefects; Arts Department updates; e.school laptop program updates and field hockey updates.
Item consists of the February 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the first inner-city youth programme or Camp VISTA (Volunteers Inspire Smiles Together at Appleby) to provide children from less fortunate areas in downtown Toronto a chance to improve their athletic and academic skills; literary accomplishments for four Appleby students; new staff and faculty updates; Annual Fund updates; student exchange program updates; and information on the Saturday Night Fever gala auction.
Item consists of the June 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about students participating in a mock parliamentary election; Walkathon updates; 83th Annual Cadet Inspection; literary talent at coffee house; Annual Fund updates; e.school tour updates; fundraising for Special Olympics; and senior students participate in OAC art exhibition.
Item consists of the October 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about Closing Day and award winners; Appleby College Strategic Plan updates; choir updates; library updates; Arts and Community Service programme updates; United Way Week updates; prefect updates and the beginning of e.school laptop program at Appleby.
Item consists of the December 1998 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on the success of the laptop and e.school program at the school, Faculty member Sheila Kuyper winning another canoeing National Championship, updates to the new strategic plan for Appleby. It also includes articles on the new student Community Service programme, Round Square conference, Jessica Warren winning Appleby's first ever gold at OFSAA cross country, updates to the Annual Fund, and the grand opening of the new Powell's House residence.
Item consists of the September 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the construction of the Student Technology Centre, located under the arches as well as updates on the e.school program; changes to the school timetable with classes now starting at 8am; updates for faculty and staff; invitation to the official opening of the new Powell's House residence; and list of prefects.
Item consists of the December 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about The Festival of Lights or Diwali; Community Service Awards; student competing in the Canadian equestrian championships; advertisement for new Golf Tournament at Appleby; Remembrance Day service; Annual Fund; school Tribal competition; and new French textbooks.
File consists of architectural drawings for the Computer Lounge which also includes the electrical and mechanical drawings. The Computer Lounge or computer centre was located in what is now the Guidance area in Barr Commons' area.
Item consists of 6 metal pins with a picture of a tent, "Appleby College Tribe Award".
In the Fall of 1998, Appleby staff, students and teachers organized into six nations - Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Senaca and Tuscarora as part of a new Tribal system within the school for a variety of different events and tribal competitions.
Item consists of a circular metal pin of the hawk mascot for Nightingale House residence.
Item consists of the July 1998 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles about Faculty Sheila Kuyper winning the 1000 meter race in the National Canoe Championships, the Rugby team winning CISAA Championship title, the last of the first coeducational girls graduate, and the Saturday Night Fever auction and gala raises $250,000.00. It also includes an articles about the retirement of Faculty member Norm Landry, and an update on the Powell's House building project.
File consists of curriculum material such as course outlines and course descriptions from the Social Sciences Department. It includes the following courses: Physical Geography (2000); Family Sciences (2000); Canadian History in the 20th Century (2000-2001); Upper Two Civics and Canada in a North American Perspective (2000-2001); World Religions (1998; 2001); Political Science and Science in Society (1998 - 2000); Philosophy and Behavourial Social Sciences (1998; 2000); Senior One 20th Century World History/ Modern Western Civilizations; World Issues (1998 - 2001); American and Canadian History (1998); Accounting and Economics (1998 - 2001).
File consists of the Attendance Register for World Issues Geography Classes, taught by John Berriman from 1990 - 2004.
File consists of curriculum material including course notes and outlines for classes in the Science and Technology Department including physics, chemistry and biology.
Item consists of the May 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about student winners at the science fair; math competition results; student bursary and scholarship updates; Walkathon updates; and various faculty updates.
Item consists of the March 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about the student drama production of Oklahoma!; student musician wins scholarship; students participate in online reading program; Suffolk Drive traffic concerns; student bursary program updates; Annual Fund updates; Saturday Night Fever gala auction updates; and student leaderships opportunities.
Item consists of the November 1998 issue of The Whippet newsletter and includes articles about United Way Week and C.A.R.E. (Community Awareness Reaching Everyone; guest musical performer visits Appleby; faculty and staff updates; Duke of Edinburgh programme updates; Community Service updates; Christmas House Tour updates; Annual Fund updates; and updates to various global education school trips.
File consists of the April 1998 Theatre Systems specifications and drawings report by Brian Arnott Associates for Willis Hall, in the basement of Powell's House residence. File also includes the architects drawings for the auditorium, including the stage disk and auditorium sections. There is also a side elevation profile drawing and of the recital theatre.
Item consists of a circular metal pin with the hawk mascot for the Nightingale House residence.
Item is a photograph of the Senior Girls Gold victory in the ? Division of the Canadian Tire Highschool Girls Hockey Tournament held in Toronto with coach Marg Hagey.
Item consists of a colour photograph of the John Bell Chapel.
Alumni with Guy McLean (middle) and Michael Desroches (right).
Item consists of the 1998-1999 Argus yearbook.
Item consists of the April 1998 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes articles on Appleby's e.school program which provides laptops to all faculty, staff and students, there are updates on the new Powell's House residence, the first ever Women's Health Day hosted by the Parent's Association, and an article about the death of David Marshall "Skin" Dewar, a 40 year faculty member.
File consists of the student publication "Ageless Wonders" a literary magazine of stories and poems.
Item consists of the April 1997 edition of the Appleby Quarterly magazine. It includes an article about the new Powell's House residence and upgrades to the sewer system, Faculty member Sheila Kuyper and her upcoming national canoeing competition, and Round Square updates.
Item is a photograph of the construction of the New Powell's House west elevation taken from Powell's field.
Item is a photograph of the construction of the new Powell's House.
Item is a photograph of students watching the demolition of the original Powell's House.
Item consists of a colour photograph of the demolition of Powell's House residence to prepare for the construction of a new Powell's House residence building on the Appleby College campus. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of the demolition of Powell's House residence to prepare for the construction of a new Powell's House residence building on the Appleby College campus. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of orange construction fencing and a digger on the snowy Appleby College campus for the construction of a new Powell's House residence. Lake Ontario is in the background on the right. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of an excavator and digger (right, front) in front of the site of the Powell's House residence (left) to be re-built, and the John Bell Chapel (right, back) on the Appleby College campus. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of excavators in front of the John Bell Chapel to prepare for the construction of a new Powell's House residence on the Appleby College campus. The residence to be re-built is on the left, and the John Bell Chapel is in the centre in the background. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of excavators, loaders and construction equipment in front of the Powell's House residence to be re-built (back, centre) on the Appleby College campus. The John Bell Chapel is on the right. Piles of soil and mud are in front of the Powell's House residence building. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of the Powell's House residence to be re-built (left) beside the John Bell Chapel (right) on the Appleby College campus. Piles of soil are in front of both buildings, and construction workers are digging in the soil in front of the buildings. An excavator is on the right. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of the Powell's House residence building to be re-built in the centre, and the John Bell Chapel is on the right. Piles of soil and rocks are in front of the buildings, and orange construction fencing surrounds the construction site on the Appleby College campus. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of the Powell's House residence building (left) after the foundation for the new building was being laid. The John Bell Chapel (right) is beside it. Piles of soil are in front of both buildings. This photograph was featured in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1). This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).
Item consists of a colour photograph of students on the right watching the demolition of Powell's House residence to prepare for the construction of a new Powell's House residence building on the Appleby College campus. An excavator is demolishing the residence building, and piles of soil are in front of the building. This event was described in The Appleby Quarterly (April 1997, vol. 19, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1997, vol. 19, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1997, vol. 19, no. 3), The Appleby Quarterly (April 1998, vol. 20, no. 1), The Appleby Quarterly (July 1998, vol. 20, no. 2), The Appleby Quarterly (December 1998, vol. 20, no. 3), The Whippet (April 1997, no. 44), The Whippet (October 1997, no. 47), The Whippet (September 1998, no. 54), and The Argus Yearbook (1998).